Enhanced wound healing potential of arabincoside B isolated from Caralluma Arabica in rat model; a possible dressing in veterinary practice

Background Wound management is a critical procedure in veterinary practice.

A wound is an injury that requires the body’s cells’ alignment to break down due to external assault, such as trauma, burns, accidents, and diseases.

Re-epithelization, extracellular matrix deposition, especially collagen, inflammatory cell infiltration, and development of new blood capillaries are the four features that are used to evaluate the healing process.

Using a natural extract for wound management is preferred to avoid the side effects of synthetic drugs.

The current study aimed to assess the effect of major pregnane glycoside arabincoside B (AR-B) isolated from Caralluma arabica (C. arabica) for the wound healing process.

Method AR-B was loaded on a gel for wound application.

Rats were randomly distributed into six groups: normal, positive control (PC), MEBO®, AR-B 0.5%, AR-B 1%, and AR-B 1.5%, to be 6 animals in each group.

Wounds were initiated under anesthesia with a 1 cm diameter tissue needle, and treatments were applied daily for 14 days.

The collected samples were tested for SOD, NO, and MDA.

Gene expression of VEGF and Caspase-3.

Histopathological evaluation was performed at two-time intervals (7 and 14 days), and immunohistochemistry was done to evaluate α -SMA, TGF-β, and TNF-α.

Result It was found that AR-B treatment enhanced the wound healing process.

AR-B treated groups showed reduced MDA and NO in tissue, and SOD activity was increased.

Re-epithelization and extracellular matrix deposition were significantly improved, which was confirmed by the increase in TGF-β and α -SMA as well as increased collagen deposition.

TNF-α was reduced, which indicated the subsiding of inflammation.

VEGF and Caspase-3 expression were reduced.

Conclusion Our findings confirmed the efficiency of AR-B in enhancing the process of wound healing and its potential use as a topical wound dressing in veterinary practice.