The pertinence of gastric cancer and interleukin 10–819 single nucleotide polymorphisms: a meta-analysis and systematic review

Purpose Cytokines regulate the interaction between the immune system and malignant tumors.

Among them, interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a multifunctional anti-inflammatory cytokine mainly produced by immune cells.

The correlation between gastric cancer and T/C single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of interleukin-10 (IL-10) promoter−819(rs1800871)was opaque and remained to be determined.

We aim to explore the pertinence of gastric cancer and SNP of interleukin 10–819 by meta-analysis via five statistical models.

Methods Databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, the Scopus, and Google Scholars were comprehensively retrieved for the eligible studies on the related topic from inception to March 2022.

Odds ratios (ORs) were generated for dichotomous variants by meta-analysis in each model via STATA 17.0 MP.

The statistical models comprised recessive model, over-dominant model, allele model, co-dominant model and dominant model.

Subgroup analysis was performed to investigate the difference across races as well as the source of heterogeneity if necessary.

Results Eventually a total of 15 articles reporting 7779 patients were enrolled in our study.

There were 2383 patients and 5396 controls, collectively.

There was no correlation between gastric cancer and IL-10 819 in recessive model, co-dominant model or dominant model, and subgroup analysis showed that Asian, Latin American and Caucasian had no correlation with the risk of gastric cancer.

In the allelic model, there was significant correlation between gastric cancer and IL-10 819 (OR = 3.96%, 95%CI: 3.28 to 3.78).

In the over-dominant model, there is no correlation between gastric cancer and IL-10 819, but subgroup analysis uncovered significant vulnerability of Asian people with regard to gastric cancer.

Conclusions In our study, both Asians, Latin Americans, and Europeans showed an increased risk of gastric cancer in the allelic model, whereas only Asians showed significant susceptibility in the super dominant model.

Of course, more large cohort studies are needed to confirm our results.